A structural system, also known as a solar mounting system or solar racking system, refers to the framework and support structure that is designed to securely and efficiently install solar panels or photovoltaic (PV) modules on various surfaces, such as rooftops or open ground areas. It provides the necessary structural support, stability, and orientation for the solar panels to maximize sunlight exposure and energy production.

The primary functions of a solar structural system include:

1. Mounting and Support: The solar structural system securely attaches the solar panels to the desired surface, whether it is a roof, ground, or other structures. It provides a stable and durable platform for the solar panels to withstand wind, snow loads, and other environmental forces.
2. Tilt and Orientation: The solar structural system enables the optimal tilt and orientation of the solar panels to capture the maximum amount of sunlight throughout the day. The angle of the solar panels can be adjusted based on the latitude and specific sunlight conditions to optimize energy production.
3. Interconnection and Wiring: The structural system incorporates provisions for interconnecting the solar panels and routing the wiring for electrical connections. It ensures that the electrical cables are securely and neatly installed, protecting them from damage and enabling efficient connectivity between the solar panels and other system components.
4. System Integration: The solar structural system integrates with other components of the solar power system, such as inverters, wiring junction boxes, and grounding systems. It provides a seamless connection between the solar panels and the rest of the electrical system.
5. Durability and Weather Resistance: Solar structural systems are designed to withstand various weather conditions, including high winds, heavy snow loads, and exposure to UV radiation. They are made from durable materials that resist corrosion and degradation over time, ensuring the long-term performance and reliability of the solar panel installation.

The design and configuration of a solar structural system depend on factors such as the type of installation (roof-mounted or ground-mounted), site-specific requirements, local building codes, and the characteristics of the solar panels being installed. Different mounting options include fixed tilt systems, adjustable tilt systems, pole mounts, and tracking systems that follow the movement of the sun.

Efficient and well-engineered solar structural systems are crucial for the proper installation, performance, and longevity of solar panel installations. They ensure that the solar panels are securely mounted, properly oriented, and positioned to optimize solar energy capture, contributing to the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the solar power system.